Radial spoke protein 44 (human meichroacidin) is an axonemal alloantigen of sperm and cilia.

To identify new sperm alloantigens that are relevant to the immune infertility, sera from infertile men containing antisperm antibodies (ASA) working in 2-D immunoblots of human sperm proteins. A place immunoreactive protein (MW: 44 kDa, pI: 4.5) was microsequenced and Cavia Clia Kits related cDNA was cloned produce 309 amino acid sequence that corresponds to the current gene described in Genbank as TSGA2 homolog (mouse) to signify 'testis specific genes A2' , 

In Genbank protein deduced from this gene is now called meichroacidin human orthologue of meichroacidin previously identified in rat spermatocytes. TSGA2 mapped to human chromosome 21q22.3. meichroacidin man (hMCA) contained potential tyrosine phosphorylation sites and five single phosporylation casein kinase motifs. N-terminus contain Recognition Membranes Work Nexus (morning) motif found in the lipid kinase phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase (PIP5K) family and junctophilins. 

However hMCA not have a kinase domain homology PIP5K characteristics. Northern blot analysis revealed a 1.5 kb transcript in testis and trachea hMCA with lower levels in the thyroid and spinal cord. A semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis showed the mRNA message in all tissues of ciliated tested with the highest levels in testis and trachea message. 

Western blot analysis showed hMCA protein in the brain, thyroid and trachea in an identical mass, 44 kDa, such as in the human testis. However, the pattern is different from that of immunoreactive sperm in which the 38 kDa were also seen indicates that hMCA undergo proteolytic processing. In human testes, hMCA translated into tail developing spermatids and not localize to the nucleus either spermatocytes or spermatids. 
Radial spoke protein 44 (human meichroacidin) is an axonemal alloantigen of sperm and cilia.

EM local immunocytochemistry hMCA the radial spokes of complex axonemal of sperm flagella, and immunofluorescence studies reveal h-meichroacidin in ciliary epithelial cells in the trachea and ependyma. Bioinformatics identification of orthologues of meichroacidin in some lower organisms including ciliates, and flagellates suggest the protein plays a role in flagellar motility across phyla. 

We propose the term radial spoke protein 44 as an accurate Chicken Clia Kits designation, it is better for humans because it signifies meichroacidin limited localization of the protein to the radial fingers of both sperm and cilia axonemes. Furthermore, because human genes expressed in the brain, thyroid, trachea and lungs in addition to the testes, we suggest that the altered gene name of TSGA2 [testis specific genes A2] for radial spoke protein 44

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Mutations in the Motile Cilia Gene DNAAF1 Are Associated with Neural Tube Defects in Humans.

Image
neural tube defects (NTDs) are severe malformations of the central nervous system caused by genetic and environmental factors is complex . Among  Ovine Clia Kits he genes involved in neural tube cilia-related genes has been well defined and found to be essential for the completion of the closure of the neural tube (NTC).  We have done a generation sequencing of target genes in 373 NTDs and 222 healthy controls, and found eight of certain diseases rare mutation in a gene related to cilia-DNAAF1 DNAAF1 play a central role in the cytoplasm preassembly of different complex dynein-arm, and is expressed in several tissues key involved in the development of the nervous system, such as neural tube, plate floor, knot embryos, and brain ependyma epithelial cells in zebrafish and mouse. Therefore, we evaluated the expression and function mutations in DNAAF1 in cells transfected to analyze the relationship between the potential of this mutant for NTDs in humans.  One rare frameshift...
Read more

Cigarette Smoke Induces the Risk of Metabolic Bone Diseases: Transforming Growth Factor Beta Signaling Impairment via Dysfunctional Primary Cilia Affects Migration, Proliferation, and Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

Image
It is well established that smoking has a detrimental effect on the integrity of the bone and is preventable risk factor for metabolic bone disorders. Following orthopedic surgery, smokers often exhibit delayed fracture healing is associate d with  Rabbit Clia Kits many complications, resulting in a prolonged hospital stay.  One important factor that is responsible for fracture repair is the recruitment and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in the early stages, the mechanism mediated by transforming growth factor β (TGF-β). Although it is known that smokers often experience decreased levels of TGF-β, little is known about the signal is actually happening in these patients. We investigated the effects of cigarette smoke on the TGF-β signaling in the MSC to evaluate the steps in the pathway are affected by cigarette smoke extract (CSE).  Single-cell-derived human mesenchymal stem cell line (SCP-1 cells) were treated with CSE concentration associated with smok...
Read more

Caenorhabditis elegans DYF-2, an orthologue of human WDR19, is a component of the intraflagellar transport machinery in sensory cilia.

Image
Intraflagellar transport (IFT) machinery needed to build functional cilia consists of a multisubunit complex whose molecular composition, organization and functions are poorly understood. Here, we describe the tryptophan-aspartic acid (WD) repeat Novel (WDR) containing IFT protein of Caenorhabditis elegans, DYF-2, which plays an important role in maintaining the structural and functional integrity of the machine IFT.  We determine the identity dyf-2 gene by transgenic rescue mutant  Human Clia kits phenotype and by sequencing the mutant allele. Losing DYF-2 selective function affects the assembly and motility of different IFT components and leads to defects in cilia structure and chemosensation in nematodes.  Based on these observations, and analysis DYF-2 moves in Bardet-Biedl syndrome mutant with partially disrupted IFT particles, we conclude that the DYF-2 can associate with IFT complex particles B. At the same time, mutation in dyf-2 can interfere with the function...
Read more